After Installing a XXZ31 rear shock, I found the front cartridges particularly weak on small bump compliance.
They also get very harsh on high compression values.
Several forum members found good improvement of front forks with lower oil level than stock and different grades (5wt, 7.5wt).
Example Oil level curves on damping force from Ohlins NIX22 cartridge for R3:
I wanted to try the same but I need to get new fork springs and a new cartridge with springs is not that far away price wise.
The stock springs are progressive, starting at 0.82 kg/mm and ending at 0.89 kg/mm creating too much static sag for me (~170 lbs)
Among the front fork cartridge options I looked, most of them are standard open cartridge style (similar to stock) but with different materials, piston diameters/designs and separated fork functions (comp & rebound)
e.g. The stock is 20mm. Andreani is ~22mm, Ohlins has NIX22/NIX30 etc..
Typical standard twin-tube fork cartridge design according to Lee Parks Suspension Bible:
One big problem with open cartridges is cavitation (esp. on cartridges with both comp and rebound)
A very good demo about it:
The other design used heavily in racing/Motocross is the Spring/Gas pressurized closed cartridge system.
which is supposed to deal with cavitation much better and give consistent damping.
The biggest problem with this style of cartridges is you need to take them to a service center for rebuild if it's gas based.
Showa's BFF fork used in GSXR-1000R/ZX-10R, Ohlins NPX in R1M, CBR1000RR-R/V4S/V4R are the OEM pressurized cartridge options I can think of.
There are very limited aftermarket pressurized cartridges on the market with Ohlins FKR, Bitubo JBH/EBH/ECH, Ktech DDS, Andreani pressurized, WP Apex pro 7500, FG Gubellini p.zero, MUPO CSP30 being the options I could find. Unfortunately all these 30mm pressurized kits are very expensive, racing only and require maintenance frequently as suggested by the manufacturer (at around an year/10k miles or 10 hours of track).
Bitubo JBH (previous model ABB) seems to be an exception given it's a simpler and smaller (22mm) design has higher service intervals 20k miles.
I found a service manual for it and looks like the cartridges are closed style, with 22mm pistons and pressurized with nitrogen at 8bar.
The gas and the oil are separated by a floating piston with two rubber o-rings, similar to decarbon style rear shock.
Bitubo Service Manual.pdf - Motorcycle Read more about cartridge, piston, bitubo, insert, tube and wrench.
www.yumpu.com
So, I've ordered a set from an Italian retailer with the correct set of springs for me at 0.9 kg/mm which came out to be ~550$ shipped.
Bitubo pressurized cartridge, adjustable in compression, rebound and spring preload. It replaces the original cartridge, without any modification.
motomaniashop.com
I just received them. Will install and report the details after the ride.